Deep Dive: Advanced Network Slicing in 5G Advanced
5G Advanced, the next iteration of the revolutionary 5G standard, promises a significant leap forward in network capabilities. One of the most exciting advancements is Advanced Network Slicing, pushing the…
3GPP 5G Advanced: Key Air Interface Improvements over 5G
3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) 5G Advanced standard builds upon the foundation of 5G and adds a number of technical improvements in the air interface, the communication link between the…
Nvidia Unveils Cloud-Based 6G Research Platform: A Game Changer or Hype?
Last month Nvidia announced cloud-based research platform specifically designed for 6G research and testing. This blog dives into the potential of this platform and explores the global reaction to this…
A brief Summary of Voice over 5G (VoNR)
Voice over New Radio (VoNR) allows your calls to stay entirely on the 5G highway, utilizing the 5G Standalone (SA) core for a smoother, more efficient ride. Benefits: Sharper Sound:…
3GPP Release 19: Charting the Course for the Future of 5G
While Release 18 focused on enhancing existing 5G capabilities, Release 19 takes a more exploratory approach, paving the way for even more advanced features and functionalities. As Release 19 is…
3GPP Release 18: Unveiling the Evolution of 5G – 5G Advanced is Here!
The world of mobile communication is constantly evolving, and 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) plays a vital role in defining the standards that keep us connected. Their latest release, Release…
5G on the Move: Global Deployment Status and What’s Next
5G continues its rapid rollout across the globe, transforming how we connect and interact with the world. Here’s a breakdown of the latest developments: As of March 2024, there are…
Who’s going to pay for 5G? How to optimize the cost among different players
While many are excited about 5G’s potential for the future of communications, manufacturing, logistics, and other vertical sectors, it’s not clear who will be covering the less fun part of…
Deutsche Telekom, has launched its biggest green initiative yet: Sustainability in 5G award
Deutsche Telekom, has launched its biggest green initiative yet: Sustainability in 5G award
3GPP Approves List of Release 17 5G New Radio Features and Functions
Earlier this week 3GPP held RAN#86 to discuss and finalize further technology evolution of 5G NR radio. 3GPP has now approved a list of features and detailed functionality that will…
5G NG-RAN and UE identifiers
– RAN UE NGAP ID: A RAN UE NGAP ID shall be allocated so as to uniquely identify the UE over the NG interface within an gNB. When an AMF…
MR-DC with the 5G
There are three possible MR-DC with the 5GC architectures as follow: 1. E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity: NG-RAN supports NG-RAN E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (NGEN-DC), in which a UE is connected to one…
E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)
E-UTRAN supports MR-DC via E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC), also called MR-DC with EPC, in which a UE is connected to one eNB that acts as a MN and one en-gNB…
Dual Connectivity (DC) and Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)
E-UTRAN supports Dual Connectivity (DC) operation whereby a multiple Rx/Tx UE in RRC_CONNECTED is configured to utilise radio resources provided by two distinct schedulers, located in two eNBs connected via…
5G Xn Interface Protocol Architecture
The Xn User plane (Xn-U) interface is defined between two NG-RAN nodes. The transport network layer is built on IP transport and GTP-U is used on top of UDP/IP to…
5G NG Interface Protocol Architecture
The NG user plane interface (NG-U) is defined between the NG-RAN node and the UPF. The transport network layer is built on IP transport and GTP-U is used on top…
Separation of gNB-CU-CP and gNB-CU-UP
gNB-CU-Control Plane (gNB-CU-CP): a logical node hosting the RRC and the control plane part of the PDCP protocol of the gNB-CU for an en-gNB or a gNB. The gNB-CU-CP terminates…
5G NG-RAN Radio Protocol Architecture
The different sublayers used in Radio Protocol Architecture are: Medium Access Control (MAC), Radio Link Control (RLC), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) and Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), Radio Resource…
5G NG-RAN Architecture
gNB Central Unit (gNB-CU): a logical node hosting RRC, SDAP and PDCP protocols of the gNB or RRC and PDCP protocols of the en-gNB that controls the operation of one…
Functional Split between NG-RAN and 5GC
The gNB and ng-eNB host the following functions: -Functions for Radio Resource Management: Radio Bearer Control, Radio Admission Control, Connection Mobility Control, Dynamic allocation of resources to UEs in both…
5G Tool box in MATLAB: Possibilities and Limitations
MATLAB has introduced its 5G Toolbox, which provides standards compliant waveforms and reference examples for modeling, simulation, and verification of the physical layer of 3GPP 5G New Radio (NR) communications…
Small Cell In 5G
As the need and dependency on wireless network is increasing, a stronger and faster network is required to cater to the demands of millions. The 5G networks are the next…
5GNR Reference Signals Measurement
In 5G new radio (NR) system, reference signal measurement are used to perform cell selection, cell reselection and handover etc. Reference Signal (RS) measurements are further classified into three measurement…
IoT Development Boards Comparison: Choosing Best Hardware and Platforms for your Consumer connected product
The internet of things(IoT) is emerging at a quick speed. Reason behind is the availability of small, low-cost IoT hardware development boards. They come in practically infinite frameworks. IoT devices…
5G Small Cell, Pico Cell Understanding and Planning
In the blog, the readers will comprehend the elementary aspects of Small cell in 5G communication mechanism, in a way it is enhanced 4G-LTE. The article will be significant to…
CP-OFDM and its application in 5G
Now days, 5G new radio (NR) is becoming more popular because of its high data rate, reduced latency, energy saving, cost reduction, higher system capacity, and massive device connectivity. The…
LTE Subscription Growth Remains Strong in 2018 as 5G Kicks In
LTE subscriber base now accounts for 44% of all mobile subscriptions worldwide and is expected to keep growing until 2022. Based on the latest GSA data, there were 3.74B LTE…
3GPP Road to 5G Massive Internet of Things
In last few years, Internet of Things (IoT) standards have evolved considerably to provide seamless convergence of the digital and the physical world. IoT allows applications, machines connected to the…
Session and Service Continuity Evolution in 5G Networks
The explosive growth of data-driven service has been the main driver for 3GPP evolutions in recent years. 5G is expected to provide considerably more flexibility for customization compared to earlier…
